Technology is a systematic approach to solve problems. This systematic approach has evolved through the years and is now an integrated field. Technological change is sometimes associated with disruptive innovation, for example new technologies that render old methods useless. Sometimes it refers to something that makes life easier. In business, however, the term technology is applied to specific processes and procedures, items, or processes for the execution of goals, including scientific investigation, technological progress, improvements in quality and capacity, and organizational transformations.

Technological systems are those elements and activities that satisfy the ends sought by individuals and organizations. In the broadest sense, technology is the total amount of knowledge, skills, techniques, and procedures used in the achievement of practical aims, including scientific research, development, and utilization. The scope of technological systems is so vast that they can be considered as the “totality of human activity” within the living world. However, technology has limits, and its application is dependent on the practical aims of human beings.

Technological systems are cultural products, which can be traced back to specific historical moments and periods. Cultural innovations and changes are therefore identified using the tools of schatzberg’s theory of cultural niche construction. Categorizing these innovations, as well as their effects on the different dimensions of society, is thus essential to understand how technological systems interact with each other and with the society as a whole. The resulting classification called schatzberg technology is thus an analytic category, used to study the social construction of technological systems, their effects on society, and the ways in which technological innovations can be countered.

Schatzberg’s notion of cultural niche construction relates to technological innovations by means of technological devices. These devices need not be based on physical strength, but can be based on cultural norms, or even on ideas. For instance, the development of the electric shaver, conceived as an efficient way to shave cleanly, was motivated by the need for men (and women, for that matter) to have access to this new technological convenience during the middle of the twentieth century.

By examining the technological expansion during the middle of the twentieth century, we see how it depended on cultural norms, as well as on the position of women and the dominant economic class. As for the question of what technology was, according to Schatzberg, in this respect, the answer is very vague. He thus concludes that the term technology is not a fixed concept, applicable at a given time and place. Instead, it is a relative term, which is determined by the circumstances of a given situation.

This is borne out by the fact that no set of principles was available to define what technology was at any point in the twentieth century. This was due to the fact that the industrial arts were much more influenced by culture than were other technical fields. Thus, while the electrical appliances produced by the German engineers Walther and Keeth, for example, can be said to have given the first real technology to the world, the term is now largely regarded as a mere convention. Similarly, while the French later came to regard technology as something that they created themselves, and later on as a creation of their post-colonial nation, the first truly technological revolution was made possible by a Polish industrial designer, Jan Karsnobrist, at the turn of the twentieth century.

However, in Schatzberg’s view, we should also keep in mind that technology has been able to expand and innovate in many different directions, as the twentieth century progressed. There has been information technology, computer technology, wireless technology, digital information technology, and so on. These things include things like radio, television, postal services, telephones, electricity, the World Wide Web, automobiles, and various forms of mass communications. Information technology, for instance, is considered to be one of the primary things that allowed the first communication to take place between people.

In other words, Schatzberg sees art and technology as two separate things, but he argues that they are bound together, through a process of interdependency. For example, there is an art that focuses on things like photography, painting, and sculpture, and another kind of art that only focused on things like the theater, literature, music, films, and so on. But the thing about technology is that it makes it possible for all of these things to exist, because the means for them to be produced are all already available. In this way, technology is considered to be a very encompassing term, and it even describes processes, products, and individuals. It is a very broad term, which encompasses many things that were previously not considered to be part of the arts.